Node.js systeminformation Vulnerability Let Attackers Execute Remote Code

A recently discovered command injection vulnerability in a Windows service highlights significant risks for users and organizations.

This flaw, present in version 5.22.11 of a module, enables attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the Windows command shell (cmd.exe), potentially leading to privilege escalation or remote code execution.

Technical Details of the Vulnerability

The issue lies in the getWindowsIEEE8021x function, where the SSID (Service Set Identifier) is passed as a parameter to cmd.exe without proper sanitization.

The SSID is initially retrieved using the netsh wlan show interface command in the getWindowsWirelessIfaceSSID function and later used unsanitized in another command, creating an opportunity for exploitation.

Attackers can craft malicious SSIDs containing payloads that execute system commands when processed.

For instance:

• An SSID like a" | ping /t 127.0.0.1 & can initiate an infinite ping loop.
• Another payload, a" | %SystemDrive%\a\a.exe &, could launch an executable placed on the victim’s system with elevated privileges.

The vulnerability can be exploited by connecting a victim’s system to a Wi-Fi network with a malicious SSID and triggering the vulnerable function.

Proof-of-concept (PoC) code demonstrates how this can be achieved using the systeminformation module’s networkInterfaces method.

Impact and Risks

This vulnerability poses severe security risks:

1. Privilege Escalation: Attackers can execute commands with the privileges of the user running the vulnerable function, potentially gaining administrative access.
2. Remote Code Execution: Depending on how the module is deployed, attackers could remotely execute arbitrary commands, compromising systems and networks.
3. Broader Exploitation: Once exploited, this flaw could be used to launch further attacks, such as deploying malware or exfiltrating sensitive data.

Command injection vulnerabilities are not new but remain one of the most dangerous flaws due to their potential impact.

Similar vulnerabilities have been exploited in high-profile cases, as noted by CISA and other cybersecurity organizations.

Mitigation and Recommendations

To address this issue, developers and organizations must:

• Sanitize Inputs: Ensure all user inputs, including SSIDs, are properly validated and sanitized before being passed to system commands.
• Use Secure APIs: Avoid directly invoking system commands through functions like cmd.exe. Instead, use APIs that handle input securely.
• Update Software: Users should monitor for updates to affected modules and apply patches as soon as they are available.
• Conduct Security Audits: Regularly review code for potential vulnerabilities and implement secure coding practices.

This vulnerability underscores the importance of secure software design to prevent OS command injection attacks.

Organizations must remain vigilant in identifying and addressing such flaws to protect their systems and users from exploitation.

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