North Korean IT professionals have been systematically utilizing global code-sharing platforms, including GitHub, CodeSandbox, Freelancer, and Medium, to secure remote employment.
Investigations have revealed the existence of at least fifty active GitHub profiles, with an additional seven profiles deactivated in recent months.
These profiles, often associated with aliases like “Jasper Sleet,” showcase extensive portfolio work and open-source contributions spanning various technologies, including React JS, Node JS, Docker, and cloud services such as AWS and Google Firebase.
However, the strategy extends beyond merely contributing code—North Korean workers are also found actively participating in developer forums, pitching projects on freelance marketplaces, and posing questions in globally accessible programming communities.
North Korean actors take meticulous steps to disguise their identities. Many public resumes uploaded on platforms like LaborX, FlowCV, and professional portfolios hosted on Vercel or Netlify list false nationalities, including the U.S., Canada, Japan, Serbia, Poland, and Colombia.
Their technical pitches and posted resumes align with global hiring trends, highlighting skills in full-stack development, blockchain, AI architecture, and advanced DevOps.
Fake Identities and DeepFake Tools
A notable trend is the aggressive use of AI-generated content and deepfake images to craft new digital identities. Using AI detectors such as SightEngine, experts have confirmed that profile pictures on some developer portfolios are synthetic creations.
This sophisticated approach enables North Korean applicants to pass as legitimate candidates from Western or Asian countries, thereby bypassing initial HR scrutiny and leveraging the anonymity of remote work for operational cover.
By employing false or stolen IDs, North Korean developers exploit systemic vulnerabilities in resume vetting and background verification. Recent high-profile incidents include the hiring of a DPRK worker for a principal engineer role at KnowBe4 in July 2024, where the submitted resume photo was a deepfake.
Economic, Security, and Geopolitical Motives
The scale of these operations is immense. According to a March 2024 UN Security Council report, North Korean IT workers overseen by Department 53, a unit of the Ministry of National Defense, generate an estimated $250 million to $600 million annually, often funneled directly into sanctioned state initiatives such as missile development.
The interconnectedness with Russia and China further complicates tracing, as Russian student visas and proxy networks are increasingly used as cover for cross-border internet activity.
Cybersecurity authorities worldwide remain on high alert. The FBI has issued rewards for information on such DPRK operatives, citing involvement in serious crimes ranging from money laundering to the historic $1.5 billion Bybit crypto heist (February 2025), orchestrated through elaborate phishing operations and technical subterfuge.
Through a potent mix of technical know-how, code-sharing visibility, deepfake personas, and international reach, North Korean programmers have transformed online remote work into a lucrative and strategic platform posing ongoing risks for global cybersecurity and workforce integrity.
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