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Synology has resolved a significant security vulnerability in its DiskStation Manager (DSM) software, which exposed users to the risk of unauthorized file access via the Network File System (NFS) service.
The flaw, tracked as CVE-2025-1021, was rated “Important” and affected multiple DSM versions, prompting urgent patch releases and advisories for all users.
Vulnerability Overview and Impact
The vulnerability stemmed from a missing authorization check in the synocopy component of DSM, specifically impacting writable NFS services.
This flaw allowed unauthenticated remote attackers to read arbitrary files on affected Synology NAS devices without needing user interaction or credentials.
As a result, sensitive data—including personal files and business documents—could be exposed to unauthorized parties.
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS v3.1) assigned this issue a base score of 7.5, reflecting its seriousness.
The attack vector was network-based, with low complexity and no privileges required, making exploitation feasible for remote threat actors.
The vulnerability was responsibly disclosed by the DEVCORE Research Team, and Synology responded promptly with patches.
Affected Products and Patch Guidance
The table below summarizes the affected DSM versions and the corresponding fixed releases:
| Product | Severity | Fixed Release Version |
|---|---|---|
| DSM 7.2.2 | Important | 7.2.2-72806-3 or above |
| DSM 7.2.1 | Important | 7.2.1-69057-7 or above |
| DSM 7.1 | Important | 7.1.1-42962-8 or above |
Synology strongly urges all users of the affected DSM versions to upgrade immediately to the specified fixed releases or later.
There are no alternative mitigation strategies available; applying the update is the only way to secure vulnerable systems.
Disclosure Timeline and Security Lessons
The vulnerability was first publicly disclosed on February 26, 2025, with full technical details released on April 23, 2025, after patches were made available.
Synology’s coordinated response with security researchers helped minimize the potential impact of the flaw, but the incident highlights the ongoing importance of timely updates and vigilant monitoring of NAS devices—especially those using network file systems.
This case underscores the critical role of regular software updates and proactive security practices for both home and enterprise NAS environments.
Table: Synology DSM Vulnerability Summary
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Vulnerability ID | CVE-2025-1021 |
| Component | synocopy (NFS Service) |
| Severity | Important |
| CVSS v3.1 Score | 7.5 |
| Attack Vector | Network, no authentication required |
| Disclosure Date | 2025-02-26 (initial), 2025-04-23 (full) |
| Reporter | DEVCORE Research Team |
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